Troubleshooting Network Issues and How to Fix Them

As more and more devices become interconnected, a reliable and efficient network is critical for personal and business communication.

Unfortunately, network issues are inevitable and can be frustrating to deal with. In this article, we will explore common network issues and how to troubleshoot and fix them.

Identified Network Issues:

1. Slow Network

A slow network can be a frustrating experience, especially when you need to access critical information or complete a task.

Slow network issues can be caused by various factors, including network congestion, outdated network equipment, and software-related issues.

1.1 Check Network Congestion

The first step in troubleshooting a slow network is to check for network congestion. Network congestion occurs when too many devices are using the network at once, causing a slowdown.

To check for network congestion, you can use a network monitoring tool to view the current network usage.

What can network monitoring tools do?

A network monitoring tool is a software application that helps network administrators monitor and manage their computer networks. It provides real-time monitoring and analysis of network traffic, devices, servers, and other network components.

Here is a list of Network Monitoring Tools:

1. Nagios Core – https://www.nagios.org/products/nagios-core/ (Free)
2. Zabbix – https://www.zabbix.com/ (Free)
3. PRTG Network Monitor – https://www.paessler.com/prtg (Paid)
4. SolarWinds Network Performance Monitor – https://www.solarwinds.com/network-performance-monitor (Paid)
5. Wireshark – https://www.wireshark.org/ (Free)
6. Prometheus – https://prometheus.io/ (Free)
7. Cacti – https://www.cacti.net/ (Free)
8. Observium – https://www.observium.org/ (Paid)
9. NetFlow Analyzer – https://www.manageengine.com/products/netflow/ (Paid)
10. ManageEngine OpManager – https://www.manageengine.com/network-monitoring/ (Paid)

Network monitoring tools provide administrators with the necessary information to maintain a healthy and secure network, and to ensure that end-users have a reliable and stable network connection.

1.2 Upgrade Network Equipment

If network congestion is not the issue, upgrading network equipment can help improve network speed. Outdated routers and switches can cause network issues, and upgrading to newer models can help increase network speed and performance.

Newest Routers:

1. ASUS RT-AX89X – https://www.asus.com/Networking/RT-AX89X/
2. Netgear Nighthawk AX12 – https://www.netgear.com/home/products/networking/wifi-routers/RAX120.aspx
3. TP-Link Archer AX11000 – https://www.tp-link.com/us/home-networking/wifi-router/archer-ax11000/
4. Linksys Velop MX10 – https://www.linksys.com/us/p/P-WHW0303/
5. Google Nest WiFi – https://store.google.com/us/product/nest_wifi
6. Netgear Orbi WiFi 6 – https://www.netgear.com/orbi/rbk852.aspx
7. ASUS ROG Rapture GT-AX11000 – https://www.asus.com/Networking/ROG-Rapture-GT-AX11000/
8. Synology RT2600ac – https://www.synology.com/en-us/products/RT2600ac

Newest Switches:

1. Cisco Catalyst 9600 Series – https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/switches/catalyst-9600-series-switches/index.html
2. Arista 7280R Series – https://www.arista.com/en/products/7280-series
3. Juniper Networks EX Series – https://www.juniper.net/us/en/products-services/switching/ex-series/
4. HPE FlexFabric 5940 Series – https://www.hpe.com/us/en/networking/5940-switch-series.html
5. Dell EMC PowerSwitch S5200 Series – https://www.delltechnologies.com/en-us/networking/powerswitch/s5200-series.htm
6. Netgear Insight Managed Smart Cloud Switches – https://www.netgear.com/business/products/switches/insight-managed-smart-cloud-switches/
7. Ubiquiti UniFi Switch Pro – https://www.ui.com/unifi-switching/unifi-switch-pro/

1.3 Check for Software-Related Issues

Software-related issues can also cause network slowdowns. Check for any updates or patches for the network operating system, firmware, or software applications.

List of Network Devices with built-in software or operating system :

• Network switches: Many network switches have a basic operating system that is designed for managing network traffic. These operating systems typically have a command-line interface (CLI) and are optimized for high-speed packet forwarding.
• Network routers: Similar to network switches, many routers have a simple operating system designed for routing network traffic. These operating systems typically have a CLI and may include additional features such as firewalls and VPNs.
• Wireless access points: Wireless access points (WAPs) provide Wi-Fi connectivity to network devices. Many WAPs have a simple operating system that is optimized for managing wireless networks. These operating systems typically have a web-based interface and may include features such as guest networks and device management.
• Print servers: Print servers are devices that allow networked computers to print to shared printers. Many print servers have a simple operating system that is optimized for managing print jobs. These operating systems may include a web-based interface for managing printer settings and user access.
• Network attached storage (NAS) devices: NAS devices are storage devices that connect to a network and provide shared storage for networked devices. Many NAS devices have a simple operating system that is optimized for managing files and sharing access. These operating systems may include a web-based interface for managing user access, file sharing, and storage settings.

2. No Network Connectivity

No network connectivity is a common network issue and can be caused by various factors, including hardware or software failures, misconfigured settings, or network outages.

2.1 Check Hardware Connections

The first step in troubleshooting no network connectivity is to check hardware connections. Ensure that all network cables and devices are securely connected and functioning correctly.

Different Types of Network Connectors:

RJ45:

This is a standard connector used for Ethernet networking. It is a type of modular connector with eight pins and is commonly used for connecting computers and other network devices.

Fiber optic connectors:

These connectors are used for transmitting data over fiber optic cables. They come in several different types, including ST, SC, and LC connectors.

BNC:

This is a type of connector commonly used for coaxial cables. It is commonly used in older Ethernet networks and cable TV systems.

USB:

Although not commonly used in networking, USB can be used for connecting devices to a network using a USB network adapter.

SFP:

This is a small form-factor pluggable transceiver used in network switches and routers. It allows for the connection of fiber optic or copper cables and supports a variety of network protocols.

HDMI:

While not typically used for networking, HDMI can be used for transmitting video and audio data over a network using HDMI over IP devices.

Powerline:

This is a type of connector that allows network data to be transmitted over a building’s existing electrical wiring.

DB-9:

This is a standard connector used for serial communication. It has nine pins and is commonly used for connecting to network devices such as routers and switches.

RJ11:

This is a standard connector used for telephone wiring. It has four or six pins and is sometimes used for connecting modems to the Internet.

Coaxial connectors:

These connectors are used for transmitting signals over coaxial cables. They come in several different types, including F-type connectors, which are commonly used for cable TV connections.

TOSLINK:

This is a fiber optic connector used for transmitting digital audio signals. It is commonly used in home theater systems and other audio applications.

MPO:

This is a multi-fiber connector used for transmitting data over fiber optic cables. It can support up to 12 fibers and is commonly used in high-density data center environments.

XLR:

This is a type of connector commonly used in professional audio applications. It is a three-pin connector that is used for transmitting balanced audio signals.

RJ12:

This is a six-pin version of the RJ11 connector. It is sometimes used for connecting telephone systems and other low-speed data connections.

2.2 Check Network Configuration

Misconfigured settings can also cause no network connectivity issues. Ensure that network settings, including IP addresses, DNS settings, and network protocols, are configured correctly.

2.3 Check for Network Outages

Network outages can also cause no network connectivity issues. Check with your Internet Service Provider (ISP) or network administrator to determine if there are any network outages in your area.

3. Intermittent Network Connection

An Intermittent network connection issues occur when the network connection drops randomly, making it difficult to maintain a stable connection. Intermittent network connection issues can be caused by various factors, including interference from other devices, outdated network equipment, or software-related issues.

3.1 Check for Interference

The first step in troubleshooting intermittent network connection issues is to check for interference from other devices. Ensure that there are no physical obstructions or electronic devices interfering with the network signal.

3.2 Upgrade Network Equipment

Outdated network equipment can also cause intermittent network connection issues. Upgrading to newer models can help improve network performance and stability.

3.3 Check for Software-Related Issues

Software-related issues can also cause intermittent network connection issues. Check for any updates or patches for the network operating system, firmware, or software applications.

4. Conclusion

Network issues can be frustrating to deal with, but troubleshooting and fixing them can be relatively straightforward if you follow the steps outlined above.

Whether you’re dealing with slow network speeds, no network connectivity, or intermittent network connection issues, the solutions outlined in this article should help you get your network back up and running in no time.

5. FAQs

What should I do if I’m still experiencing network issues after following the troubleshooting steps? If you’re still experiencing network issues, you may want to consider contacting a network specialist or your ISP for further assistance.

Can outdated network equipment cause security issues?

Yes, outdated network equipment can cause security issues, including vulnerabilities and exploits.

How often should I update my network equipment?

It’s recommended to update network equipment every 3-5 years to ensure optimal network performance and security.

Can network issues be caused by viruses or malware?

Yes, viruses and malware can cause network issues by infecting network devices and disrupting network communication.

How can I prevent network issues from occurring?

Regular maintenance and updates, implementing security measures such as firewalls and antivirus software, and educating users on safe browsing habits can all help prevent network issues from occurring.